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Topic I Should Write About?
Topic Started: Jan 5 2010, 04:03 AM (159 Views)
Bonzolee
So, I want to write something about politics. The last thing I added here was the sort of essay I did on Islamism. You remember it?

Alright people– throw me some ideas. What would you like me to research? I've kind of been thinking about doing something that looks at the science behind torture and various other methods for dealing with POWs. Are these methods, and the reasons given for using them, backed more by fantasy... or science?

If I did do this, I would focus mostly on past sociological and psychological data along with various real life appliances to reach a conclusion.

Really, though, I'm open to investigating anything interesting.

Thoughts?




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Joe E. Holman
"Torture, should or shouldn't we?" is a good topic. Also, try one on whether or not the US's focus on Islamism is a boogieman like many leftists say.
Edited by Joe E. Holman, Jan 5 2010, 12:34 PM.
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Bonzolee
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Also, try one on whether or not the US's focus on Islamism is a boogieman like many leftists say.


That's another good one; I might have to plan a couple of these! You know, that topic in particular is one which leads to the confusion of many– you've got to finish the whole story before you put the book down and mull over its meaning. I've seen many people get up to a certain point and go, "Aha! So that's the answer!" when they still have a few hundred pages left to read. They then put down the book and start informing everyone, when what they should be doing is reading on to make sure that they're right.

I mean, that happens quite often; it's just that the aforementioned topic is a really good example.
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– Gustave Le Bon

"The fact that audiences would rather go to Wonderland than face Iraq speaks volumes."
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magicshoemonkey
That sounds good to me. The boogieman thing, I mean. I kind of feel like the torture thing has been done over and over. But not that you couldn't add your own perspective.
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Bonzolee
I got it!

I already wrote a piece where I identified the main ideas behind the Islamist movement accompanied by a brief history. That can be found here: http://ionianspirit.net/topic/2268149/1/#new

(note: you must scroll down a bit before you get to the interesting part. My entire first post includes none of it.)

I will follow that up with a two part series, of my own thoughts and conclusions, dealing with how to respond to Islamism. This series will focus more on science and experiments than it will history; I feel I've already provided a satisfactory historical narrative.

The first part of this series shall have to do with the treatment of prisoners. What should we seek to do, and what methods should be used?

The second part of this series will try to answer the "threat" question; namely, is the threat we face from these religious extremists largely exaggerated by the government and media, or is the threat a legitimate one? Furthermore, if such a threat does exist, what exactly is it? And where is it coming from?

Together, this series shall not only attempt to answer the question regarding the exact type and the severity of the threat posed by Islamists, but it shall seek to provide a blueprint detailing the best possible response to it.

Sound good?
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"Brain disorders, like madness, are themselves contagious. The frequency of madness among doctors who are specialists for the mad is notorious."
– Gustave Le Bon

"The fact that audiences would rather go to Wonderland than face Iraq speaks volumes."
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Huxley
Torture of POWs isnt really suitable for scientific research.

"tell me what I want to know or I'll break your kneecaps and cut your nads off' usually elicits a response.

Fuck democracy. Some person has information as to where others are holding your little daughter? I'll show you scientific research.
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Bonzolee
You've missed the entire point, Hux. I'm going to look at various methods of dealing with POWs along with various scenarios and their likelihood of occurring.

And there have been more than enough studies and experiments in the realm of sociology and psychology to fulfill the requirements for such a thing.

And you haven't provided enough information for the "kidnap" scenario. What country or part of the world are the kidnappers from? What social class? What is the probability that they'll kill her, and if it's high, how much time do you have to prevent it? And, assuming you're able to figure out where their hideout is, how do you breach it while keeping her safe? Would they kill her at the moment they realize their hideout has been broken into, or would they hold onto her to use as a bargaining tool? What is their collective motive, and what unique motives fuel the man you have in custody?

And what if they're in constant movement rather than camping in one place? The man you have in custody wouldn't know exactly where they're at, though he may hold some clues.

There are plenty of questions. You need to figure out how much time you have and then use that time to figure out as much information as you can. You also have to answer this question: what methods have proven to be the most promising in the present situation?

Do you want to simply punish people or do you actually want to do something that could help you achieve your goals? Sometimes, punishing them may accomplish both; but other times it will fail to accomplish the latter.
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"Brain disorders, like madness, are themselves contagious. The frequency of madness among doctors who are specialists for the mad is notorious."
– Gustave Le Bon

"The fact that audiences would rather go to Wonderland than face Iraq speaks volumes."
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Bonzolee
Alright, here's the plan–

I've decided to focus mainly on the "boogieman" question Joe proposed. It will be in essay form, but it will read more like a fantastically-done documentary; a moving, immersive world. That's my vision, at least (and I do already have the intro typed along with a title).

I'll spend just a short amount of time on the torture issue, and I'm going to briefly revisit the history behind it all, mostly due to the fact that I have other people interested in reading it who haven't read my earlier posts here. Should be up within 8 weeks (Come on! I'm busy!).

So, just to wrap things up, the essay is going to deal mainly with the "boogieman" question and the very definition of the threat itself, if the threat is indeed substantial enough to cause worry.

And, just to let you know, I'll be diving into the depths of psychology with this one.
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– Gustave Le Bon

"The fact that audiences would rather go to Wonderland than face Iraq speaks volumes."
– Random Youtube Poster
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Huxley
Sometimes you can over analyse things. My grandaughter gets kidnapped and I have one of the kidnappers. You can rest assured I dont want to know demographics, social status, where they are from yadda yadda yadda. But I WILL get the information I do want - or they die in the attempt.
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Bonzolee
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Sometimes you can over analyse things. My grandaughter gets kidnapped and I have one of the kidnappers. You can rest assured I dont want to know demographics, social status, where they are from yadda yadda yadda. But I WILL get the information I do want - or they die in the attempt.


You don't like psychology much, huh?

Actually, here's where you're right: threats and punishments, including physical harm and torture, work in securing short term compliance... but it completely fails in changing self-images and securing long term compliance. There have been numerous studies done on this. A good real life example would be a method employed by the Chinese during the Korean War, which used advanced psychological techniques.

There are at least two main problems you will encounter with torture. The first, is that the person is only complying because you're threatening them, so the information they provide may prove to be worthless.

Besides: we're assuming such a scenario as the one you proposed would ever happen. Talk about some shitty kidnappers.

But I'm not saying torture is an absolute moral wrong– just that it doesn't have the best track record. Also, practices like water-boarding and sleep deprivation aren't technically physical torture; what they are, are bastardized psychological techniques. A good deal of it is a version of "self-inflicted" pain. Distress, whether physical or psychological, will make people say whatever you want them to say... but it doesn't mean you'll get the truth.

And that's the second problem, the neuroscience behind things; the distress triggers the release of stress hormones. This can result in quite a few things – compromised cognitive function and tissue damage, for instance* – that could warp the very thing you're trying to read: their brain.
* This is more applicable to long term torture, though.

More on the psychological distress techniques:

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Dr. Donald O. Hebb of McGill University, a brilliant psychologist, had a contract from the Canadian Defense Research Board, which was a partner with the CIA in this research, and he found that he could induce a state of psychosis in an individual within 48 hours. It didn't take electroshock, truth serum, beating or pain. All he did was had student volunteers sit in a cubicle with goggles, gloves and headphones, earmuffs, so that they were cut off from their senses, and within 48 hours, denied sensory stimulation, they would suffer, first hallucinations, then ultimately breakdown.


What was brilliant about what the Chinese did (the single method I spoke of earlier) is that they relied on techniques that not only brought about long term compliance, but did so in a way similar to how marketers get people to buy shit. Hell, it's similar to what car salesmen do! They didn't compromise the minds of their prisoners.

What did they do?

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The key to using the principles of Commitment and Consistency to manipulate people is held within the initial commitment. That is--after making a commitment, taking a stand or position, people are more willing to agree to requests that are consistent with their prior commitment. Many compliance professionals will try to induce others to take an initial position that is consistent with a behavior they will later request.

Commitments are most effective when they are active, public, effortful, and viewed as internally motivated and not coerced. Once a stand is taken, there is a natural tendency to behave in ways that are stubbornly consistent with the stand. The drive to be and look consistent constitutes a highly potent tool of social influence, often causing people to act in ways that are clearly contrary to their own best interests.

Commitment decisions, even erroneous ones, have a tendency to be self-perpetuating--they often "grow their own legs." That is--those involved may add new reasons and justifications to support the wisdom of commitments they have already made. As a consequence, some commitments remain in effect long after the conditions that spurred them have changed. This phenomenon explains the effectiveness of certain deceptive compliance practices.


I'm not going to offer a big explanation, but they essentially used what was described above with a few extra twists.

"Do you feel America is a perfect country?"

"No? What are some of these imperfections, as you said?"

"Here– why don't you write these down?"

"Would you mind sharing this with others? You believe this, right? After all, it is what you wrote."

Just a very brief example. You could also use a technique called "rejection-then-retreat". Boy scouts have used this to sell chocolate. One concession triggers another. "How would you like to buy a ticket to (insert some event). No? Well, how about some chocolate, then? Only $1 a piece, and every purchase helps."

The FBI has seen major success by simply reading body language. Won't tell us which two of these thirty suspects worked with you? Fine– look over each picture for us.

Guess what happens when the prisoner looks at the pictures of the guilty? First, his pupils dilate– he sees something or someone he recognizes. Then they constrict– a clear tell. He also responds with "pacifying" behaviors, a signal that he is stressed and/or uncomfortable.

The great thing about body language is it allows one to sort of read someone's mind by simply taking advantage of the Paleomammalian brain.

All I'm saying is you should know your options.

And, to take this back to terrorism, the fact of the matter is that we are holding these people indefinitely. So why the fuck are they not using techniques which will bring about long term compliance? That's what would actually be useful! That's reality!

Because the so called "ticking time bomb" scenario exists in a realm outside of reality, for the most part.

Alfred W. McCoy breaks it down:

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In the real world, the probability that a terrorist might be captured after concealing a ticking nuclear bomb in Times Square and that his captors would somehow recognize his significance is phenomenally slender. The scenario assumes a highly improbable array of variables that runs something like this:

—First, FBI or CIA agents apprehend a terrorist at the precise moment between timer’s first tick and bomb’s burst.

—Second, the interrogators somehow have sufficiently detailed foreknowledge of the plot to know they must interrogate this very person and do it right now.

—Third, these same officers, for some unexplained reason, are missing just a few critical details that only this captive can divulge.

—Fourth, the biggest leap of all, these officers with just one shot to get the information that only this captive can divulge are best advised to try torture, as if beating him is the way to assure his wholehearted cooperation.

Advocates of the ticking bomb often cite the brutal torture of Abdul Hakim Murad in Manila in 1995, which they say stopped a plot to blow up a dozen trans-Pacific aircraft and kill 4,000 innocent passengers. Except, of course, for the simple fact that Murad’s torture did nothing of the sort. As The Washington Post has reported, Manila police got all their important information from Murad in the first few minutes when they seized his laptop with the entire bomb plot. All the supposed details gained from the sixty-seven days of incessant beatings, spiced by techniques like cigarettes to the genitals, were, as one Filipino officer testified in a New York court, fabrications fed to Murad by Philippine police.

Even if the terrorist begins to talk under torture, interrogators have a hard time figuring out whether he is telling the truth or not. Testing has found that professional interrogators perform within the 45 to 60 percent range in separating truth from lies—little better than flipping a coin. Thus, as intelligence data moves through three basic stages—acquisition, analysis, and action—the chances that good intelligence will be ignored are high.

After fifty years of fighting enemies, communist and terrorist, with torture, we now have sufficient evidence to conclude that torture of the few yields little useful information. As the ancient Roman jurist Ulpian noted 1,800 years ago, "When tortured the strong will resist and the weak will say anything to end the pain."


I haven't even gotten started yet (snap!), but I'll end it here. As someone who has studied this subject a lot, I would not recommend that anyone begins an interrogation regarding a kidnapping by jumping straight to torture. Chances are a different method will prove to be more useful.

And if you just want to beat the shit out of the person, you could always save that for later. I wouldn't convict you.

Edit: Before anyone decides to jump at me for my description of Chinese interrogation... I agree, many atrocities were committed. But I'm not focused on that. I'm focused on what techniques actually worked, actually got prisoners to go back to America and say things like, "You know, Communism isn't right for us... but it may be for them." And the nucleus of those techniques are quite simple. It relies on manipulation, not torture. The torture led to false confessions.
Edited by Bonzolee, Jan 21 2010, 03:20 AM.
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"Brain disorders, like madness, are themselves contagious. The frequency of madness among doctors who are specialists for the mad is notorious."
– Gustave Le Bon

"The fact that audiences would rather go to Wonderland than face Iraq speaks volumes."
– Random Youtube Poster
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Joe E. Holman
I'm going to get back to this later, but we agree quite a lot, Bonz. We agree that torture seldom works or should be the first action, and we agree that the scenarios of "stopping the bomb in time" are often unrealistic. Still, the fact remains that just because I will be resisted or given into doesn't mean I won't come back and keep the nightmare going for the person. If they give bad info, they'll pay--if not now, then later.

And kudos for stating that waterboarding and such is not torture. That's something a lib wouldn't admit. You're just a left-leaning moderate, it appears. Torture is graphic and should be a last resort. Of course, I value psychology, and manipulation is the key for success. But torture, I'm convinced, will work much better than we are led to believe when it is needed. A person will always eventually break.

As far as "boogieman," shit, terrorism is not a boogieman, and communism wasn't. Very liberal idea, that is. People are working round the clock to stop the Mohammeds who hate us. There I'd say we disagree.
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Bonzolee
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As far as "boogieman," shit, terrorism is not a boogieman, and communism wasn't. Very liberal idea, that is. People are working round the clock to stop the Mohammeds who hate us. There I'd say we disagree.


I'd say communism, in the late stages, was vastly overblown as a threat to a point of absurdity. There was a belief that if they lost, they'd just blow everything up. Those people were wrong, and many had said as much in prediction. Then there were all of these wild claims that were never proven.

But no threat at all during any time? No– but paranoia led to a distortion of the kind of threat they were. And overreaction does come with its own penalties, and they can do major damage.

As for terrorism, I really haven't given my thoughts on that yet. Here's what I will say:

In order to accomplish all of the goals in Afghanistan, you need the country to undergo a collective transformation, a mental process. You'll never accomplish that through war. It's a stupid idea.

As for terrorism itself, I don't think there is some super villain sort of threat coming from the groups themselves. Totally overblown. But is there a threat? Yes; and I believe it to be a particularly nasty one. Especially since I don't see much government effort in that area.

In fact, Obama's whole speech about military evolving to some nimble, precise force is one of the dumbest things I've heard in the past year.

Vietnam taught us quite a few things. In the words of Howard Zinn:

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From 1964 to 1972, the wealthiest and most powerful nation in the history of the world made a maximum military effort, with everything short of atomic bombs, to defeat a nationalist revolutionary movement in a tiny, peasant country-and failed. When the United States fought in Vietnam, it was organized modern technology versus organized human beings, and the human beings won.


We can annihilate any military type threat if we wanted... just as long as they don't have the type of arsenal we have. Bomb the hell out of them and that's that. But all this more complicated, abstract stuff where you need to hold back a great, great deal... it's stupid. I mean, military options should be on the table, but our single-minded reliance on it to solve these sorts of problems is mission impossible. I supported going after Bin Laden, but all of the extra projects have been huge busts. Nobody is talking about the psychology behind all of this.

I'm going to call my essay "Redefining the Islamist Threat". I won't go in depth at the moment, but I will talk about it later. We probably agree that there is a threat, but disagree on the kind.

Like, do you remember all of the shit people like Rumsfeld were saying about the terrorists? They built them up to be some epic villain straight out of a Hollywood blockbuster. And I don't know if a single thing that they said in the early stages didn't prove to be nonsense. Did they actually get this horrible intel from someone?

You remember the drawings of the caves? I'm still waiting for proof of that. I swear, they directly ripped off a James Bond movie with those drawings.


Edited by Bonzolee, Jan 22 2010, 12:57 AM.
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